Rory Sutherland Rory Sutherland

Why the greatest innovations do only one thing, but do it well

How Sony’s founder ignored market research and defied his own engineers to make a huge success of the Walkman

issue 12 December 2015

McDonald’s got rid of cutlery. Uber does not allow you to pre-book taxis. Amazon began by selling only books. Conventional logic would suggest that successful innovations are best when they allow you to do lots of things. Actually, if you want your innovation to change behaviour, it is often best to launch an innovation which does only one thing. It is much easier to adopt a new technology if its function is unambiguous. The device solves one simple problem, and solves it very well. If X then Y.

I have never had much luck with multi-purpose kitchen devices. Although theoretically they have a plethora of different uses, their application is so vague that you end up not using them at all. You may have a microwave which also contains a grill function. Have you used it more than twice? I doubt it.

The temptation is always there for manufacturers to add functionality to things — since conventional logic suggests that more must be better.

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