David Abulafia David Abulafia

Why are the sailors who first braved the Atlantic so often ignored?

Long before Columbus crossed the ocean in 1492, the Phoenicians had discovered the Azores, and by the year 1000 Norse men and women were eking out an existence in Greenland

Viking sailors cross the Atlantic to America in search of timber in the mid-14th century, in a painting by N.C. Wyeth. [Hulton Archive/ Getty Images] 
issue 07 September 2024

It is easy to assume that there is not much to be said about the history of the Atlantic before 12 October 1492, when Christopher Columbus reached the Bahamas. In 2005, the Harvard historian Bernard Bailyn published a little book entitled Atlantic History: Concept and Contours which said absolutely nothing about what happened before Columbus, whom he barely mentioned.

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