The Spectator

Who first started burning fossil fuels?

iStock 
issue 12 November 2022

Carbon dating

Did burning fossil fuels begin with the industrial revolution, or is there someone else from whom we could claim reparations for carbon emissions? 

— Artefacts made from coal and dated to 4000 bc have been uncovered in the Shenyang province of north-eastern China, with a formalised industry using coal for copper-smelting in operation by 1000 bc. In Britain, coal has been traced to bronze-age funeral pyres lit prior to 2000 bc. The Romans began mining for coal in the Midlands, and the first deep coal mine was opened in Ashby de la Zouch around 1450 ad. The earliest-known oil product is asphalt used in the construction of the walls of Babylon c. 2000 ad. China probably started using oil as a fuel in around 400 bc.

Big smoke

Which countries have the highest cumulative carbon emissions since 1750 (in billions of tonnes)?

US 417

China 236

Russia 115

Germany 93

UK 78

Japan 66

India 54

France 39

Canada 34

Ukraine 31

Source: ourworldindata.org

Who’s in care?

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