Christopher Akers

The roots of anti-Semitism in Europe

The original blood libel, which materialised after the First Crusade in the 11th century, proved a turning point for Jews, as a wave of religious frenzy swept communities away

Persecution of Jews, from the Chronica Roffense (English School, 14th century). [Bridgeman Images]

  • How the West Became Anti-Semitic: Jews and the Formation of Europe, 800-1500

    Ivan G. Marcus

    Princeton University Press, pp. 384, £35

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