Live on in paintings

Like all self-respecting geniuses, Raphael (1483-1520) died young at the age of 37. For over a decade, he had been based in Rome, and had enjoyed fame, wealth and success beyond the dreams of almost any other artist of the day (Leonardo and Michelangelo were his only rivals). His standing in the highest circles — and above all in the eyes of the Pope — meant he was accorded the unprecedented honour, for one of his artistic calling, of being buried in the Pantheon.

Artistic celebrity of this order did not guarantee the preservation of biographical minutiae, however, and we know almost nothing about what Raphael was actually like. The first biography of him was published by Vasari, in the original 1550 edition of his Lives of the Artists, and on the personal front, it is clear that it trades in hearsay as opposed to established fact. The number of letters written by him to have survived is very few, and most of them are public as opposed to private.