Francis Fukuyama

Is the age of democracy over?

Twenty years ago, Francis Fukuyama forecast the final triumph of liberal democracy and the ‘end of history’. As pro-democracy movements falter from Ukraine to China, he revisits his thesis — and asks if history has a few more surprises to spring

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Francis Fukuyama
Francis Fukuyama is a Senior Fellow at Stanford University's Freeman Spogli Institute. He is the author of The End of History and the Last Man (1992) and Liberalism and its Discontents (2022).

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