How the Black Death helped bring prosperity to Europe

As the media alarms us about an approaching ‘quad-demic’ of diseases this winter (Covid-19, Flu, RSV, Norovirus) it is a timely moment to think about the travails of our mediaeval forebears. Their common scourges were typhus, smallpox, tuberculosis, anthrax, scabies and syphilis – all untreatable at the time. And then there was the plague.

Arriving at the ports of Venice, Pisa and Marseilles in 1347, shipboard rats carrying the Yersinia Pestis bacterium disbursed the bubonic plague in Europe. Originally it is thought that plague was brought by Genoese ships from their trading fortress, Caffa, in the Crimea. By legend, the Mongol Jani Beg, leader of the Golden Horde, catapulted plague-infected bodies into the city. Though we often think of the plague as a European phenomenon, in the same year it arrived in Aleppo, Gaza and Damascus and decimated large parts of Africa’s population.